Sodium Chloride Injection, USP Concentrated

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Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, 23.4%, is a concentrated, nonisotonic, sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of sodium chloride 234 mg in Water for Injection. pH adjusted with sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid if necessary. pH 4.5-7.0 when diluted to a concentration of 0.9%. 8008 mOsmol/L.

Sodium chloride is an electrolyte replenisher. It occurs as colorless cubic crystals or white crystalline powder and has a saline taste. Sodium chloride is freely soluble in water; it is soluble in glycerin and slightly soluble in alcohol.

The empirical formula for sodium chloride is NaCl and the molecular weight is 58.44.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, 23.4%, is indicated as an additive in parenteral fluid therapy for use in patients who have special problems of sodium electrolyte intake or excretion. It is intended to meet the specific requirements of the patient with unusual fluid and electrolyte needs. After available clinical and laboratory information is considered and correlated, the appropriate number of milliequivalents of sodium chloride required can be withdrawn from Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, 23.4% and diluted for use.

Sodium Chloride Injection is indicated for the treatment of sodium, chloride and water deficiencies that commonly occur in many diseases. Isotonic Sodium Chloride Injection should be limited to cases in which the chloride loss is greater than the sodium loss, as in vomiting from pyloric obstruction, or in which the loss is about equal, as in vomiting from duodenal, jejunal or ileal obstruction and in the replacement of aspirated gastrointestinal fluids.

The toxic symptoms that follow various forms of intestinal obstruction are accompanied by a marked reduction of blood chloride and often sodium chloride has a lifesaving effect.

Symptoms of sodium chloride deficiency are very similar to those of Addison’s disease and large doses of sodium chloride will produce temporary alleviation of the symptoms. Other disorders in which sodium chloride is therapeutically useful include extensive burns, failure of gastric secretion and postoperative intestinal paralysis.